The International Space Station (ISS) is a joint project of five space agencies:

• National Aeronautics and Space Administration (United States)
• Russian Federal Space Agency (Russian Federation)
• Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (Japan)
• Canadian Space Agency (Canada)
• European Space Agency (10 of its member states are participating; Austria, United Kingdom, Ireland, Portugal, and Finland chose not to participate; Greece and Luxembourg joined ESA later).

The Brazilian Space Agency (Brazil) participates through separate contract with NASA.The Italian Space Agency similary has separate contracts for various activities, that are not done in the framework of ESA ISS works (where Italy also fully participates).